This study (produced jointly with Analysys and Hogan & Hartson), for the European Commission, analyses and identifies the options available for liberalisation of spectrum use and the implementation of spectrum trading. It considers whether there are benefits from co-ordination of approaches across European countries and provides recommendations for action at the European level. The full report is entitled ‘Study on conditions and options in introducing secondary trading of radio spectrum in the European Community’. The executive summary , full report (printable version and for on-screen viewing) and annexes can be downloaded here.